[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"home-latest-posts":3,"home-featured-courses":253,"$foigZXvOFrPzidvLQ4eoCPEmWiF_CVIQkvE_btxAlYvA":410,"home-research-preview":412},[4,108,181],{"id":5,"title":6,"author":7,"body":8,"category":91,"description":14,"excerpt":92,"extension":93,"featuredImage":92,"meta":94,"navigation":95,"path":96,"publishedAt":97,"readingTime":98,"seo":99,"stem":102,"tags":103,"__hash__":107},"blog\u002Fblog\u002Freading-a-nutrition-study-without-getting-fooled.md","How to read a nutrition study without getting fooled","faculty-research-lead",{"type":9,"value":10,"toc":80},"minimark",[11,15,20,23,27,30,34,37,41,44,48,51,55,77],[12,13,14],"p",{},"Most nutrition headlines describe a study far more confidently than the study describes itself. The gap between the two is where careers in misinformation are built — and where careful practitioners earn their credibility.",[16,17,19],"h2",{"id":18},"start-with-the-design-not-the-conclusion","Start with the design, not the conclusion",[12,21,22],{},"Before reading the abstract's final sentence, find the design. A cross-sectional survey cannot establish that a food causes an outcome, no matter how large the sample. A randomised trial can, but only for the population, dose and duration actually studied.",[16,24,26],{"id":25},"ask-who-was-studied","Ask who was studied",[12,28,29],{},"A trial in 24 young male athletes tells you very little about a 68-year-old with chronic kidney disease. Generalisability is not a technicality; it decides whether the finding belongs in your consultation at all.",[16,31,33],{"id":32},"look-for-the-effect-size-not-just-the-p-value","Look for the effect size, not just the p-value",[12,35,36],{},"\"Statistically significant\" answers whether an effect is likely to be real. It does not answer whether the effect is large enough to matter. A 0.4 kg difference over twelve months is real and clinically irrelevant at the same time.",[16,38,40],{"id":39},"check-what-was-measured","Check what was measured",[12,42,43],{},"Self-reported dietary intake carries substantial measurement error. Surrogate endpoints — a biomarker moving in the right direction — are not the same as the outcome patients care about.",[16,45,47],{"id":46},"read-the-funding-and-conflicts","Read the funding and conflicts",[12,49,50],{},"Industry funding does not invalidate a study, but it belongs in your weighting, especially where the outcome measured is unusually favourable to a single product.",[16,52,54],{"id":53},"a-working-checklist","A working checklist",[56,57,58,62,65,68,71,74],"ol",{},[59,60,61],"li",{},"What was the design, and what can it support?",[59,63,64],{},"Who was studied, and for how long?",[59,66,67],{},"How large was the effect in absolute terms?",[59,69,70],{},"Was the outcome meaningful or a surrogate?",[59,72,73],{},"Who funded it, and were conflicts declared?",[59,75,76],{},"Does it agree with the wider body of evidence?",[12,78,79],{},"If a study fails several of these, it is not evidence you should be changing practice on — it is a hypothesis someone else needs to test properly.",{"title":81,"searchDepth":82,"depth":83,"links":84},"",2,3,[85,86,87,88,89,90],{"id":18,"depth":82,"text":19},{"id":25,"depth":82,"text":26},{"id":32,"depth":82,"text":33},{"id":39,"depth":82,"text":40},{"id":46,"depth":82,"text":47},{"id":53,"depth":82,"text":54},"Research",null,"md",{},true,"\u002Fblog\u002Freading-a-nutrition-study-without-getting-fooled","2026-06-18",9,{"metaTitle":100,"metaDescription":101,"title":6,"description":14},"How to read a nutrition study without getting fooled | Nexus Institute Blog","Headlines rarely survive contact with the methods section. A practical checklist for reading nutrition research critically.","blog\u002Freading-a-nutrition-study-without-getting-fooled",[104,105,106],"critical appraisal","evidence","research methods","LCmoNBnWz8TeerDqjqaQr1U4SIRTbl1eTk04WSUcmr8",{"id":109,"title":110,"author":111,"body":112,"category":167,"description":116,"excerpt":92,"extension":93,"featuredImage":92,"meta":168,"navigation":95,"path":169,"publishedAt":170,"readingTime":171,"seo":172,"stem":175,"tags":176,"__hash__":180},"blog\u002Fblog\u002Fprotein-requirements-across-the-lifespan.md","Protein requirements across the lifespan: what the evidence supports","faculty-clinical-lead",{"type":9,"value":113,"toc":159},[114,117,121,124,128,131,135,138,142,145,149,152,156],[12,115,116],{},"The reference nutrient intake for protein was designed to prevent deficiency in most healthy adults. It was never designed to describe the intake that best supports muscle maintenance in an 80-year-old recovering from hip surgery. Confusing those two purposes causes real clinical harm.",[16,118,120],{"id":119},"children-and-adolescents","Children and adolescents",[12,122,123],{},"Requirements per kilogram fall steadily through childhood while total requirements rise with growth. Deficiency is rare where energy intake is adequate and diets are varied; the more common problem is inadequate total energy.",[16,125,127],{"id":126},"adults","Adults",[12,129,130],{},"For sedentary adults, requirements are modest and easily met. For adults training regularly, higher intakes distributed across the day support adaptation — the distribution matters nearly as much as the total.",[16,132,134],{"id":133},"pregnancy-and-lactation","Pregnancy and lactation",[12,136,137],{},"Requirements rise in the second and third trimesters and during lactation. In practice, appetite usually covers this where food access is adequate; where it is not, protein quality becomes the priority.",[16,139,141],{"id":140},"older-adults","Older adults",[12,143,144],{},"This is where the reference figures mislead most. Anabolic resistance means older muscle responds less to a given protein dose, and illness or immobility accelerates loss. Higher per-meal doses, spread across the day and paired with resistance activity, are the practical response.",[16,146,148],{"id":147},"clinical-caveats","Clinical caveats",[12,150,151],{},"Kidney disease, hepatic encephalopathy and inborn errors of metabolism all change the calculation, sometimes sharply. Protein targets in these groups belong to the care plan, not to general advice.",[16,153,155],{"id":154},"what-this-means-in-practice","What this means in practice",[12,157,158],{},"Assess the person in front of you: their age, their activity, their clinical status and what they will actually eat. A target they never reach is worth less than a slightly lower one they hit every day.",{"title":81,"searchDepth":82,"depth":83,"links":160},[161,162,163,164,165,166],{"id":119,"depth":82,"text":120},{"id":126,"depth":82,"text":127},{"id":133,"depth":82,"text":134},{"id":140,"depth":82,"text":141},{"id":147,"depth":82,"text":148},{"id":154,"depth":82,"text":155},"Clinical Nutrition",{},"\u002Fblog\u002Fprotein-requirements-across-the-lifespan","2026-06-02",8,{"metaTitle":173,"metaDescription":174,"title":110,"description":116},"Protein requirements across the lifespan: what the evidence supports | Nexus Institute Blog","Requirements set to prevent deficiency are not the same as intakes that support strength and recovery. A stage-by-stage look.","blog\u002Fprotein-requirements-across-the-lifespan",[177,178,179],"protein","sarcopenia","requirements","4dGbzNVQ7G43tZ0U2pfmMSCIfJYtSCFKAOjeyhmZlpo",{"id":182,"title":183,"author":184,"body":185,"category":91,"description":189,"excerpt":92,"extension":93,"featuredImage":92,"meta":240,"navigation":95,"path":241,"publishedAt":242,"readingTime":243,"seo":244,"stem":247,"tags":248,"__hash__":252},"blog\u002Fblog\u002Fdesigning-a-food-frequency-questionnaire.md","Designing a food frequency questionnaire that actually works","faculty-biostatistics",{"type":9,"value":186,"toc":232},[187,190,194,197,201,204,208,211,215,218,222,225,229],[12,188,189],{},"A food frequency questionnaire is the workhorse of nutritional epidemiology, and the fastest way to produce a dataset that cannot answer your research question.",[16,191,193],{"id":192},"match-the-instrument-to-the-question","Match the instrument to the question",[12,195,196],{},"An FFQ built to rank participants by usual intake of a single nutrient looks different from one intended to capture whole dietary patterns. Decide which you need before drafting a single item.",[16,198,200],{"id":199},"build-the-food-list-from-local-data","Build the food list from local data",[12,202,203],{},"Borrowing an FFQ validated in another population is a common shortcut and a common source of error. The food list must reflect what your population actually eats, in the portions they actually eat.",[16,205,207],{"id":206},"keep-the-recall-period-realistic","Keep the recall period realistic",[12,209,210],{},"Asking about the past year gives usual intake but invites recall error. Asking about the past month reduces error and captures seasonality poorly. Both are defensible; the choice needs justifying in your methods.",[16,212,214],{"id":213},"portion-sizes-need-anchors","Portion sizes need anchors",[12,216,217],{},"Photographs, household measures or standard portions all work. Free-text estimation does not.",[16,219,221],{"id":220},"validate-before-you-rely-on-it","Validate before you rely on it",[12,223,224],{},"Compare against multiple 24-hour recalls or weighed records in a subsample, report correlation coefficients by nutrient, and be transparent about which nutrients your instrument measures poorly. Every FFQ measures something poorly.",[16,226,228],{"id":227},"pilot-with-the-real-population","Pilot with the real population",[12,230,231],{},"A pilot with twenty participants from your target group will find problems that months of internal review will not: confusing item wording, missing staple foods, and the point at which people stop concentrating.",{"title":81,"searchDepth":82,"depth":83,"links":233},[234,235,236,237,238,239],{"id":192,"depth":82,"text":193},{"id":199,"depth":82,"text":200},{"id":206,"depth":82,"text":207},{"id":213,"depth":82,"text":214},{"id":220,"depth":82,"text":221},{"id":227,"depth":82,"text":228},{},"\u002Fblog\u002Fdesigning-a-food-frequency-questionnaire","2026-05-20",10,{"metaTitle":245,"metaDescription":246,"title":183,"description":189},"Designing a food frequency questionnaire that actually works | Nexus Institute Blog","FFQs are cheap to administer and easy to design badly. What separates a usable instrument from an unusable one.","blog\u002Fdesigning-a-food-frequency-questionnaire",[249,250,251],"FFQ","dietary assessment","validation","FvoC8tdwkWP5ZGuZN9Efj1yl25BxTuK7_C00YHw5RNM",[254,338],{"id":255,"title":256,"academy":257,"body":258,"certificateOffered":95,"description":81,"duration":292,"extension":93,"featured":95,"fee":293,"instructor":111,"learningObjectives":295,"meta":296,"modules":297,"navigation":95,"path":330,"seo":331,"stem":334,"summary":335,"syllabusPdf":92,"teachingMethod":336,"__hash__":337},"courses\u002Fcourses\u002Fclinical-nutrition-dietetics.md","Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics","professional-nutrition",{"type":9,"value":259,"toc":287},[260,264,267,271,274,278],[16,261,263],{"id":262},"who-this-course-is-for","Who this course is for",[12,265,266],{},"Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics suits nutritionists, dietitians, doctors, nurses and allied health professionals who want a structured, evidence-based grounding they can apply in practice immediately. Final-year students and graduates preparing for clinical roles are also welcome.",[16,268,270],{"id":269},"how-you-will-learn","How you will learn",[12,272,273],{},"Each module combines recorded lectures, reading from current guidelines, worked case studies and a short assessment. Live sessions run weekly for questions and case discussion, and recordings are available if you cannot attend.",[16,275,277],{"id":276},"assessment-and-certification","Assessment and certification",[12,279,280,281,286],{},"Learners who complete all module assessments and the final case assignment receive a verifiable Nexus Institute certificate. Every certificate carries a unique number that anyone can check on our ",[282,283,285],"a",{"href":284},"\u002Fcertificate-verification","certificate verification"," page.",{"title":81,"searchDepth":82,"depth":83,"links":288},[289,290,291],{"id":262,"depth":82,"text":263},{"id":269,"depth":82,"text":270},{"id":276,"depth":82,"text":277},"8 weeks",{"amount":92,"currency":294},"BDT",[],{},[298,300,302,304,306,308,310,312,314,316,318,320,322,324,326,328],{"title":299},"Introduction to Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics",{"title":301},"Pathology in Practice and Nutritional Counseling",{"title":303},"Diet Types and IPD\u002FOPD Nutritional Management",{"title":305},"Therapeutic Management of Diabetes and Obesity",{"title":307},"Dietary Management of Thyroid Disorders, PCOS, and PCOD",{"title":309},"Nutritional Management in Critical Care",{"title":311},"Nutritional Management of Gastrointestinal Disorders and GERD",{"title":313},"Nutritional Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome",{"title":315},"Dietary Management of Renal and Chronic Kidney Diseases",{"title":317},"Therapeutic Management of Fatty Liver Disease",{"title":319},"Nutritional Management in Oncology and Cancer Care",{"title":321},"Dietary Management of Cardiovascular Diseases",{"title":323},"Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation",{"title":325},"Pediatric Nutrition and Childhood Dietary Management",{"title":327},"Nutritional Management of Sexual and Reproductive Health",{"title":329},"Dietary Management for Infertility and Menopause","\u002Fcourses\u002Fclinical-nutrition-dietetics",{"metaTitle":332,"metaDescription":333,"title":256,"description":81},"Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics Course | Nexus Institute of Nutrition & Research","A practice-focused foundation in clinical nutrition: screening, assessment, diagnosis, intervention and monitoring across the most common hospital and outp","courses\u002Fclinical-nutrition-dietetics","A practice-focused foundation in clinical nutrition: screening, assessment, diagnosis, intervention and monitoring across the most common hospital and outpatient presentations.","Online, self-paced modules with live weekly sessions","Ds-d-oAVJm9B_mVn3xWqzbvOmiLsRvzlrgoXIlZnXyA",{"id":339,"title":340,"academy":257,"body":341,"certificateOffered":95,"description":81,"duration":363,"extension":93,"featured":364,"fee":365,"instructor":368,"learningObjectives":369,"meta":374,"modules":375,"navigation":95,"path":404,"seo":405,"stem":408,"summary":407,"syllabusPdf":92,"teachingMethod":336,"__hash__":409},"courses\u002Fcourses\u002Fsports-nutrition.md","Sports & Exercise Nutrition",{"type":9,"value":342,"toc":358},[343,345,348,350,352,354],[16,344,263],{"id":262},[12,346,347],{},"Sports & Exercise Nutrition suits nutritionists, dietitians, doctors, nurses and allied health professionals who want a structured, evidence-based grounding they can apply in practice immediately. Final-year students and graduates preparing for clinical roles are also welcome.",[16,349,270],{"id":269},[12,351,273],{},[16,353,277],{"id":276},[12,355,280,356,286],{},[282,357,285],{"href":284},{"title":81,"searchDepth":82,"depth":83,"links":359},[360,361,362],{"id":262,"depth":82,"text":263},{"id":269,"depth":82,"text":270},{"id":276,"depth":82,"text":277},"6 weeks",false,{"amount":366,"currency":367},230,"USD","faculty-metabolic-health",[370,371,372,373],"Periodise carbohydrate and protein intake around training loads","Build hydration and recovery protocols","Evaluate supplements against the evidence and anti-doping rules","Screen for relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S)",{},[376,381,387,392,398],{"title":377,"topics":378},"Energy systems & requirements",[379,380],"Energy availability","Training load and periodisation",{"title":382,"topics":383},"Macronutrients for performance",[384,385,386],"Carbohydrate periodisation","Protein timing and dose","Dietary fat",{"title":388,"topics":389},"Hydration & electrolytes",[390,391],"Sweat rate testing","Rehydration protocols",{"title":393,"topics":394},"Supplements",[395,396,397],"Evidence tiers","Anti-doping considerations","Third-party testing",{"title":399,"topics":400},"Special populations & RED-S",[401,402,403],"Female athletes","Youth athletes","RED-S screening and referral","\u002Fcourses\u002Fsports-nutrition",{"metaTitle":406,"metaDescription":407,"title":340,"description":81},"Sports & Exercise Nutrition Course | Nexus Institute of Nutrition & Research","Fuelling, recovery, body-composition and supplement strategies for recreational through to competitive athletes.","courses\u002Fsports-nutrition","t-W0k_2QPJ5o8GxYxgwILwpqXvbp38PCz-lIIUnnAys",{"testimonials":411},[],[413],{"id":414,"title":415,"body":416,"certificateOffered":95,"description":81,"duration":552,"extension":93,"instructor":553,"meta":554,"navigation":95,"overview":555,"path":556,"seo":557,"software":560,"stem":566,"syllabus":567,"__hash__":579},"researchTraining\u002Fresearch-training\u002Fsystematic-review.md","Systematic Review & Publication Mentorship Programme",{"type":9,"value":417,"toc":544},[418,422,430,433,437,444,447,477,480,484,487,490,494,497,520,524,527,530,534],[16,419,421],{"id":420},"who-this-programme-is-for","Who this programme is for",[12,423,424,425,429],{},"This programme is designed for postgraduate students, PhD applicants, clinicians, faculty members, public health professionals, and early-career researchers who want to produce a ",[426,427,428],"strong",{},"publishable systematic review"," rather than simply learn the methodology.",[12,431,432],{},"Whether you are preparing a thesis, strengthening your PhD application, or aiming for your first international publication, the programme provides practical guidance tailored to your research goals.",[16,434,436],{"id":435},"what-makes-this-programme-different","What makes this programme different",[12,438,439,440,443],{},"Unlike conventional workshops that end after teaching the methodology, this programme is built around ",[426,441,442],{},"your own research project",".",[12,445,446],{},"From the first week, our mentors will work with you to:",[448,449,450,456,459,462,465,468,471,474],"ul",{},[59,451,452,453],{},"Identify or refine a ",[426,454,455],{},"novel, publishable research idea",[59,457,458],{},"Assess whether the topic has sufficient scientific value and originality",[59,460,461],{},"Develop a complete review protocol",[59,463,464],{},"Build comprehensive search strategies",[59,466,467],{},"Screen studies and extract data correctly",[59,469,470],{},"Prepare a PRISMA-compliant manuscript",[59,472,473],{},"Select an appropriate target journal",[59,475,476],{},"Support manuscript submission and guide you through revisions after peer review",[12,478,479],{},"Our goal is not only to teach systematic review methods—it is to help you complete a manuscript that is ready for journal submission.",[16,481,483],{"id":482},"format","Format",[12,485,486],{},"The programme combines recorded lessons, live interactive workshops, practical assignments, and one-to-one mentoring sessions.",[12,488,489],{},"Every module is directly applied to your own review, allowing you to make measurable progress each week. By the end of the programme, participants are expected to have a complete systematic review manuscript prepared for submission.",[16,491,493],{"id":492},"learning-outcomes","Learning outcomes",[12,495,496],{},"By completing this programme, participants will be able to:",[448,498,499,502,505,508,511,514,517],{},[59,500,501],{},"Generate a strong and publishable systematic review topic",[59,503,504],{},"Conduct comprehensive literature searches across major databases",[59,506,507],{},"Perform study screening and quality assessment using international standards",[59,509,510],{},"Extract and synthesize evidence accurately",[59,512,513],{},"Write a complete PRISMA-compliant manuscript",[59,515,516],{},"Select an appropriate journal and understand the submission process",[59,518,519],{},"Respond effectively to reviewer comments and revise manuscripts professionally",[16,521,523],{"id":522},"publication-mentorship","Publication Mentorship",[12,525,526],{},"Publication is a core component of this programme.",[12,528,529],{},"Each participant receives structured mentorship throughout the writing process, with guidance aimed at producing a manuscript suitable for submission to a peer-reviewed journal. While publication ultimately depends on journal editorial and peer-review decisions, our mentors provide support through manuscript preparation, journal selection, submission, and revision to maximize the likelihood of successful publication.",[16,531,533],{"id":532},"certification","Certification",[12,535,536,537,540,541,543],{},"Participants who successfully complete the required assignments and final manuscript will receive a verifiable ",[426,538,539],{},"Nexus Institute Certificate of Completion",", which can be validated through our ",[282,542,285],{"href":284}," portal.",{"title":81,"searchDepth":82,"depth":83,"links":545},[546,547,548,549,550,551],{"id":420,"depth":82,"text":421},{"id":435,"depth":82,"text":436},{"id":482,"depth":82,"text":483},{"id":492,"depth":82,"text":493},{"id":522,"depth":82,"text":523},{"id":532,"depth":82,"text":533},"8–10 weeks","Faculty Lead: Evidence Synthesis",{},"A hands-on, publication-focused programme that guides participants from developing a research question to completing a PRISMA-compliant systematic review manuscript, with mentorship throughout the publication process.","\u002Fresearch-training\u002Fsystematic-review",{"metaTitle":558,"metaDescription":559,"title":415,"description":81},"Systematic Review & Publication Mentorship | Nexus Research & Academic Skills Academy","Learn to conduct and publish a high-quality systematic review with one-to-one mentorship, from idea generation to journal submission.",[561,562,563,564,565],"Rayyan","Covidence","EndNote","Zotero","Mendeley","research-training\u002Fsystematic-review",[568,569,570,571,572,573,574,575,576,577,578],"Identifying a publishable research idea and refining the research question","Developing a protocol and PROSPERO registration (where applicable)","Advanced database searching (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, etc.)","Reference management and duplicate removal","Title\u002Fabstract and full-text screening","Risk of bias and quality assessment","Data extraction and evidence synthesis","PRISMA 2020 reporting guideline","Writing each section of the manuscript","Journal selection and publication strategy","Responding to peer reviewers and manuscript revision","l-K5E50fk38Obd9jU1cAZjERHtyjBJUSAz8MfwGz-1o"]